Graptemys pseudogeographica (False Map Turtle)

The False Map Turtle (Graptemys pseudogeographica) is a freshwater turtle species native to North America. Renowned for the intricate, map-like patterns on its shell, this turtle plays a vital role in its aquatic ecosystems. Its unique appearance and behaviors make it a subject of interest for both researchers and reptile enthusiasts.

Scientific Classification

• Kingdom: Animalia
• Phylum: Chordata
• Class: Reptilia
• Order: Testudines
• Family: Emydidae
• Genus: Graptemys
• Species: Graptemys pseudogeographica

Common Names

• False Map Turtle
• Mississippi Map Turtle

Identification

Description

The False Map Turtle has an olive to brown carapace adorned with yellow lines resembling a geographical map, giving it its common name. The shell is serrated at the rear edge and features a prominent keel running down the center. Its skin is dark with yellow stripes on the neck, limbs, and tail. The plastron (underside of the shell) is lighter, usually a yellowish color.

Sexual Dimorphism

Females are significantly larger than males, reaching shell lengths up to 10 inches (25 cm), while males typically grow up to 6 inches (15 cm). Males have longer claws on their front limbs and longer, thicker tails, which are used during mating displays.

Native Origin and Distribution

Geographical Range

The False Map Turtle is native to the central United States, primarily within the Mississippi River drainage system. Its range extends from Wisconsin and Minnesota in the north down to Louisiana and Texas in the south.

Preferred Habitat

This species thrives in large rivers, streams, and oxbow lakes with abundant basking sites like logs and rocks. It prefers areas with moderate currents and plentiful aquatic vegetation, which provides both food and shelter.

Behavior

Feeding Habits

An omnivorous feeder, the False Map Turtle’s diet includes aquatic insects, mollusks, crustaceans, and various plant materials. Juveniles tend to be more carnivorous, gradually consuming more vegetation as they mature.

Predators

Predators of the False Map Turtle include raccoons, foxes, birds of prey, and large fish. Eggs and hatchlings are especially vulnerable to predation due to their small size and softer shells.

Reproduction

Breeding Season

Breeding occurs in the spring and fall months. Females typically lay eggs from May to July.

Reproductive Method

Females lay clutches of 8–22 eggs in sandy or soft soil near water sources. The incubation period ranges from 75 to 85 days, with hatchlings emerging in late summer or early fall.

Conservation

Extinction Status

• IUCN Red List: Least Concern

Threats

• Habitat Destruction: Urban development and agriculture reduce suitable habitats.
• Pollution: Contaminants can degrade water quality, affecting health and reproduction.
• Pet Trade: Overcollection for the pet industry can impact wild populations.

Conservation Measures

• Habitat Protection: Preserving and restoring natural waterways.
• Legal Protection: Regulations on capturing and selling wild individuals.
• Public Education: Raising awareness about the species and its ecological role.

Economic Importance

While not a major economic species, the False Map Turtle is sometimes kept as a pet, contributing modestly to the pet trade industry. Its presence also indicates healthy aquatic ecosystems, which can have broader economic benefits related to recreation and biodiversity.

Interesting Facts

• The “false” in its name distinguishes it from the closely related Common Map Turtle (Graptemys geographica).
• False Map Turtles are avid baskers and can often be seen sunning themselves on logs and rocks.
• They have a lifespan of up to 50 years in the wild, assuming they evade predation and disease.