Carettochelys insculpta (Pig-nosed Turtle)
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The Carettochelys insculpta, commonly known as the pig-nosed turtle, is a distinctive species of turtle known for its pig-like snout and flippers similar to those of marine turtles. This freshwater species is the sole living member of the family Carettochelyidae.
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Scientific Classification
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Reptilia
- Order: Testudines
- Family: Carettochelyidae
- Genus: Carettochelys
- Species: C. insculpta
Common Names
- Pig-nosed Turtle
- Fly River Turtle
- Pitted-shelled Turtle
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Identification
Description
Carettochelys insculpta has a soft, leathery shell that is olive green to gray in color, with a pale underside. Adults can reach up to 70 cm in length and weigh as much as 22 kg. They have large, paddle-like flippers adapted for swimming.
Sexual Dimorphism
Males generally have longer and thicker tails compared to females.
Native Origin and Distribution
Geographical Range
Native to northern Australia and the freshwater rivers of southern New Guinea.
Preferred Habitat
This species inhabits large, muddy rivers and lakes with soft, sandy bottoms, preferring areas with abundant aquatic vegetation.
Behavior
Feeding Habits
They are omnivorous, feeding mainly on aquatic plants, fruits, and small invertebrates.
Predators
Juveniles are vulnerable to a variety of aquatic predators, including birds and larger fish, while adults have fewer natural predators due to their size.
Reproduction
Breeding Season
The breeding season occurs during the rainy season, which allows their eggs to develop in flooded conditions.
Reproductive Method
Females lay eggs in sandy riverbanks, and the eggs hatch in about two months.
Conservation
Extinction Status
Carettochelys insculpta is listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN.
Threats
Major threats include habitat loss, pollution, and overharvesting for the pet trade and for consumption.
Conservation Measures
Protection under CITES Appendix II, habitat preservation efforts, and captive breeding programs are in place to support their populations.
Economic Importance
The pig-nosed turtle is significant in the exotic pet trade and is also locally consumed in New Guinea.
Interesting Facts
- This turtle species is the only extant species with a combination of marine-like flippers and a leathery shell, exhibiting both terrestrial and aquatic adaptations.
- They can use their snout as a snorkel when underwater.
Research Studies
For further reading on this species, refer to the following research paper: “Nesting ecology, harvest and conservation of the pig-nosed turtle (Carettochelys insculpta) in the Kikori region, Papua New Guinea”.
About Author
Muntaseer Rahman started keeping pet turtles back in 2013. He also owns the largest Turtle & Tortoise Facebook community in Bangladesh. These days he is mostly active on Facebook.
