Batagur dhongoka (Three-striped Roofed Turtle)

The Batagur dhongoka, commonly known as the Three-striped Roofed Turtle, is a distinctive species of river turtle primarily found in the river systems of South Asia. It is recognized for its unique shell pattern and conservation significance due to its declining population.

Scientific Classification

• Kingdom: Animalia
• Phylum: Chordata
• Class: Reptilia
• Order: Testudines
• Family: Geoemydidae
• Genus: Batagur
• Species: B. dhongoka

Common Names

• Three-striped Roofed Turtle
• Northern River Terrapin

Identification

• Description: This turtle features a carapace that is moderately domed with three distinct longitudinal keels that are more pronounced in juveniles. The coloration is generally brown with clearer patterns in younger individuals.
• Sexual Dimorphism: Males are generally smaller and have a narrower and longer tail compared to females. They also display brighter colors during the breeding season.

Native Origin and Distribution

• Geographical Range: Batagur dhongoka is native to the northern river systems of India, extending to Bangladesh and Nepal.

Preferred Habitat

This species prefers large, flowing rivers with sandy or muddy banks where it can bask and nest.

Behavior

• Feeding Habits: It is omnivorous, feeding on aquatic vegetation, fruits, and occasionally on fish and carrion.
• Predators: Natural predators include large fish, birds, and mammals that prey on eggs and juveniles.

Reproduction

• Breeding Season: The breeding season occurs shortly before the onset of the monsoon season.
• Reproductive Method: Females lay eggs in nests dug on sandy riverbanks. The eggs are incubated by the heat of the sun and hatch after about 60-90 days.

Conservation

• Extinction Status: Listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN Red List.
• Threats: Major threats include habitat destruction, pollution, and poaching for the pet trade and traditional medicine.
• Conservation Measures: Efforts include habitat protection, anti-poaching patrols, and breeding programs in captivity.

Economic Importance

The species is of ecological significance, helping maintain riverine ecosystems. However, it faces threats from illegal trade for its meat and shells.

Interesting Facts

• Batagur dhongoka can alter its body temperature by changing its location in the water column, a behavior known as behavioral thermoregulation.
• They are known to travel long distances during the breeding season, which can span several hundred kilometers.

Research Studies

Here is a link to a research paper on Batagur dhongoka: Conservation Genetics of Batagur dhongoka. This study provides insights into the genetic diversity and structure of the population, which are crucial for framing effective conservation strategies.