Cylindraspis triserrata (Domed Mauritius Giant Tortoise)

Cylindraspis triserrata, commonly known as the Mauritius Domed Tortoise, was a large, slow-moving tortoise species that once roamed the islands of Mauritius. It became extinct due to human activities and invasive species during the 18th century.

Scientific Classification

• Kingdom: Animalia
• Phylum: Chordata
• Class: Reptilia
• Order: Testudines
• Family: Testudinidae
• Genus: Cylindraspis
• Species: Cylindraspis triserrata

Common Names

• Domed Mauritius Giant Tortoise

Identification

Description

Cylindraspis triserrata had a high-domed shell and a relatively large body, reaching up to 50 cm (20 inches) in length. The shell was light brown to grayish and featured a unique shape with three distinct serrations or ridges along the carapace, giving the species its name. The legs were sturdy, and it had a slow, lumbering gait typical of tortoises.

Sexual Dimorphism

Males were generally larger than females, with more pronounced serrations on their shells. Additionally, males had longer tails, which is common among tortoise species.

Native Origin and Distribution

Geographical Range

Cylindraspis triserrata was endemic to the island of Mauritius, specifically in the highland and coastal regions. It shared its range with other species of the Cylindraspis genus, which also faced extinction.

Preferred Habitat

This species preferred grasslands, open forests, and coastal areas where they could graze on vegetation. The environment provided ample food sources like grasses, shrubs, and low-growing plants.

Behavior

Feeding Habits

Cylindraspis triserrata was a herbivore, feeding on grasses, leaves, and shrubs. Its diet also included fruits and fallen vegetation, which were abundant in its natural habitat.

Predators

As an adult, it had few natural predators due to its large size and tough shell. However, hatchlings and juveniles were vulnerable to invasive species such as rats and pigs introduced by humans.

Reproduction

Breeding Season

Breeding likely occurred during the warmer months, with nesting taking place once or twice a year, though detailed records are scarce due to the species’ early extinction.

Reproductive Method

Females laid eggs in shallow nests, typically on sandy or soft soil. Clutches consisted of multiple eggs, and hatchlings would emerge after an incubation period of a few months.

Conservation

Extinction Status

Extinct. Cylindraspis triserrata was driven to extinction in the 1700s due to overhunting by humans and habitat destruction.

Threats

The main threats were overexploitation by sailors who collected the tortoises for food and introduced animals like rats and pigs that preyed on the eggs and young tortoises.

Conservation Measures

Sadly, no conservation efforts were made for this species at the time, as it went extinct before formal conservation practices were developed.

Economic Importance

Historically, Cylindraspis triserrata was hunted for its meat, which was a vital food source for sailors on long voyages. Its shells may also have been used in local trade or crafts.

Interesting Facts

• Cylindraspis triserrata was one of five tortoise species in the genus Cylindraspis that lived on Mauritius.
• This species played a crucial role in seed dispersal for several native plants in Mauritius.
• It is believed that these tortoises could survive for months without food, making them ideal for long sea voyages.