Scientists Decode Genome of Endangered Turtle and Map Its Shrinking Habitat

An international team of researchers from South Korea and India has fully decoded the mitochondrial genome of the Crowned River Turtle (Hardella thurjii), a critically endangered species.

This work helps clarify where it fits in the turtle family tree and reveals a unique gene structure that sets it apart from close relatives.

The team published their findings in the journal Ecology and Evolution in June. Using advanced genetic tools, they confirmed that Hardella thurjii is closely related to the Batagur genus, sharing an ancient maternal lineage.

One of the scientists, Hyun-Woo Kim, noted that this turtle’s genetic makeup is unlike any other in its group.

The study didn’t stop at genetics. The team also used climate models and mapping to check where this turtle still survives and where it might live in the future.

After studying over 100 verified sightings, they found that only 10.3% of the Indus-Ganges-Brahmaputra basin is currently suitable habitat—about 110,490 sq km.

Most of this area, over 75%, lies in the Indus Basin.

Imon Abedin from Assam pointed out that eastern areas have room for wetland restoration and possible turtle reintroductions. But in the west, things look worse—habitats are shrinking and getting chopped up.

To protect this ancient species, the team calls for deeper genetic studies, international cooperation, and better laws.

Conservationists warn that poaching, pollution, and illegal trade continue to threaten these turtles.

Arunima Singh of Turtle Survival Alliance Foundation India stressed the need to act fast, while Shailendra Singh pushed for stronger environmental checks in sensitive zones like the Saryu River.